PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING(PBL) IN MATHEMATICS

Paradigm shift from traditional teaching model (content-based, teacher directed and student as knowledge recipient) to problem- based learning model( problem motivated, teacher as facilitator and student as problem solver).

Main characteristic of PBL approach is that,
the problem (real-world problem : unstructured and authentic (vs simulated) is the starting point of learning. (discuss its implications to the current maths curriculum).

eg (solve the following problems)

1. The costs for two different kinds of heating systems for a three- bedroom home are given below

solar system - cost to install rm 29700 and operating cost/year is rm 150
electric system - cost to install rm 5000 and operating cost/year is rm 1100

After how many years will total costs for solar heating and electric heating be the same?
What will be the total costs for both systems at that time?

2. Two ordinary six-sided dice are rolled, what is the probability of getting a sum of 8?
3.  Working together, Ahmad and Ali can complete a job in 4 hours. Working alone, Ahmad requires 
     6 hrs more than Ali to do the job. How many hrs does it take Ali to do the job if he works alone?

Benefits of PBL:

1. creating meaningful learning(content/topic/concept) through inquiry (emphasis on critical, logical  creative thinking, deep reasoning and metacognition))

2. encourage the development broad -based mathematical problem solving strategies (heuristics)
 rather than content learning in a limited sense.

3. development of self-directed/regulated/independent learners - students assume major responsibility
    for the acquisition of knowledge.