PRINCIPLES OF OBE

There four main principles of OBE:

1. Clarity of focus on outcomes

- clear/well defined intended learning outcomes (LOs)/explicitly stated expectations

(competencies)

- using Bloom taxanomy (knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and

evaluation) as a guideline to construct LOs

2. Design backwards

- start with the end in mind (outcomes- ie LOs of the programmes and subjects)

- design curriculum backward to achieve the outcomes

- deliver forward

- product defines process/ outcomes drive the curriculum (teaching, learning and

assessment)

3. High expectations of success

- all students can succeed (in reaching the exit outcomes)

- every student should develop his/her full potential (student- centered approach)

- expect high level of achievement
- regular feedback on student's performance/progress/competence

4. Expanded learning opportunities

- provide challenging, stimulating and enriching (or remedial) learning

experiences/environments/resources

- use a variety of teaching, learning and assessment strategies/methods/techniques

- cater for individual needs and differences (or learning styles)
- cater for self-directed, self paced and self accessed in learning

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